Izixhobo zokuGcina, iiDisk Arrays kunye neNkqubo yokuGcina, SAN, NAS

 

ISIXHOBO SOKUGCINA okanye eyaziwa ngokuba yi-STORAGE MEDIUM yiyo nayiphi na i-hardware yekhompyutha esetyenziselwa ukugcina, ukukhupha nokukhupha iifayile zedatha kunye nezinto. Izixhobo zogcino zinokubamba kwaye zigcine ulwazi okwexeshana nangokusisigxina. Zinokuba zangaphakathi okanye zangaphandle kwikhompyuter, kumncedisi okanye nakwesiphi na isixhobo sekhompyuter efanayo.

 

 

Ugxininiso lwethu lukwi-DISK ARRAY eyinto yehardware equlethe iqela elikhulu lee-hard disk drives (HDDs). Uluhlu lwediski lunokuqulatha iitreyi ezininzi zedisk drive kwaye zinezakhiwo eziphucula isantya kunye nokunyusa ukhuseleko lwedatha. Umlawuli wokugcina uqhuba inkqubo, elungelelanisa umsebenzi ngaphakathi kweyunithi. Uluhlu lweDiski luyintsika yendawo yokugcina inethiwekhi yangoku. Uluhlu lwediski yi-DISK STORAGE SYSTEM equlathe iidiski ezininzi zokuqhuba kwaye yahlulwe kwindawo ebiyelweyo yediski, kuba uluhlu lunememori ye-cache kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu okufana neRAID kunye nokubonwa. I-RAID imele i-Redundant Array yeeDiski ezingabizi (okanye ezizimeleyo) kwaye iqeshe iidrive ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokunyamezela iimpazamo. I-RAID yenza ukugcinwa kwedatha kwiindawo ezininzi ukukhusela idatha kwinkohlakalo kwaye isebenze kubasebenzisi ngokukhawuleza.

 

 

Amacandelo oluhlu lwediski eqhelekileyo aquka:

 

Izilawuli zoluhlu lwediski

 

Cache iinkumbulo

 

Iindawo ezivaliweyo zediski

 

Izibonelelo zamandla

 

 

Ngokuqhelekileyo ii-arrays zedisk zibonelela ngokufumaneka okwandisiweyo, ukuqina kunye nokugcinwa ngokusebenzisa ezongezelelweyo, izinto ezingafunekiyo ezifana nabalawuli, izixhobo zombane, abalandeli, njl., kwinqanaba lokuba onke amanqaku angaphumeleli apheliswe kuyilo. La malungu amaxesha amaninzi ashushu-atshintshelwe.

 

 

Ngokuqhelekileyo, uluhlu lwediski lwahlulwe ngokweendidi:

 

 

I-NETWORK ETHUNYELWE UKUGCINA (NAS) ARRAYS : I-NAS sisixhobo sokugcinwa kwefayile esinikezelweyo esibonelela abasebenzisi benethiwekhi yendawo (LAN) nge-centralized, edibeneyo yokugcina idisk ngokusebenzisa uxhumano oluqhelekileyo lwe-Ethernet. Isixhobo ngasinye se-NAS siqhagamshelwe kwi-LAN njengesixhobo sothungelwano esizimeleyo kwaye sabelwe idilesi ye-IP. Inzuzo yayo ephambili kukuba ukugcinwa kwenethiwekhi akukhawulelwanga kumthamo wokugcina wesixhobo sekhompyutheni okanye inani leediski kumncedisi wendawo. Iimveliso ze-NAS zinokubamba ngokubanzi iidiski ezaneleyo zokuxhasa i-RAID, kunye nezixhobo ezininzi ze-NAS zinokudityaniswa kwinethiwekhi yokwandiswa kokugcinwa.

 

 

INDLELA YOKUGCINA (SAN) IZILUNGISELELO : Ziqulathe uluhlu lwedisk olunye okanye ngaphezulu olusebenza njengendawo yokugcina idatha ehanjiswe ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-SAN. Izintlu zogcino ziqhagamshela kumaleko welaphu elineentambo ezisebenza ukusuka kwizixhobo ezikumaleko welaphu ukuya kwi-GBICs kumazibuko kuluhlu. Kukho ubukhulu becala iindidi ezimbini zeendawo zogcino lweendawo zothungelwano, ezizezi iimodyuli zoluhlu lweSAN kunye noluhlu lwe-SAN lwe-monolithic. Zombini zisebenzisa imemori eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi yekhompyuter ukukhawulezisa kunye nokufikelela kwi-cache kwiidiski ezicothayo. Ezi ntlobo zimbini zisebenzisa i-cache yememori ngokwahlukileyo. Ii-arrays ze-Monolithic ngokubanzi zinememori ye-cache eninzi xa kuthelekiswa noluhlu lweemodyuli.

 

 

1.) IIMODULALI ZAMALUNGISELELO E-SAN : Ezi zinoqhagamshelo lwezibuko olumbalwa, zigcina idatha encinci kwaye ziqhagamshele kwiiseva ezimbalwa xa kuthelekiswa noluhlu lwe-SAN lwe-monolithic. Benza ukuba umsebenzisi onje ngeenkampani ezincinci ziqale ezincinci kunye neediski ezimbalwa kunye nokwandisa inani njengoko iimfuno zokugcina zikhula. Baneeshelufa zokubamba iidiski zokuqhuba. Ukuba iqhagamshelwe kwiiseva ezimbalwa kuphela, iimodyuli ze-SAN arrays zinokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye zinike iinkampani ukuba bhetyebhetye. Izintlu zemodyuli zeSAN zingena kumgangatho we-19” iirekhi. Ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa abalawuli ababini abanememori ye-cache eyahlukileyo kwindawo nganye kwaye babonise i-cache phakathi kwabalawuli ukukhusela ukulahleka kwedatha.

 

 

2.) I-MONOLITHIC SAN ARRAYS : Ezi ziingqokelela ezinkulu zedisk drives kumaziko edatha. Banokugcina idatha ethe kratya xa kuthelekiswa neemodyuli zoluhlu lweSAN kwaye ngokubanzi ziqhagamshele kwiiframes eziphambili. Uluhlu lwe-Monolithic SAN lunabalawuli abaninzi abanokwabelana ngokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-cache yememori yehlabathi ekhawulezayo. I-Monolithic arrays ngokubanzi inamazibuko abonakalayo amaninzi ukuxhuma kwinethiwekhi yendawo yokugcina. Ngaloo ndlela abancedisi abaninzi banokusebenzisa uluhlu. Ngokuqhelekileyo ii-monolithic arrays zixabiseke ngakumbi kwaye zine-redundancy eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ephezulu kunye nokuthembeka.

 

 

IINGXELO ZOKUGCINA IZINTO : Kwimodeli yenkonzo yokugcina izinto eziluncedo, umboneleli unikezela ngesakhono sokugcina abantu okanye imibutho ngokuhlawula-per-use basis. Le modeli yenkonzo ikwabizwa ngokuba yindawo yokugcina ngokwemfuno. Oku kuququzelela ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezibonelelo kwaye kunciphise iindleko. Oku kunokuba neendleko ezithe kratya kwiinkampani ngokuphelisa imfuno yokuthenga, ukulawula nokugcina iziseko ezingundoqo ezihlangabezana neemfuno eziphambili ezinokuthi zibe ngaphaya kwemida efunekayo yomthamo.

 

 

UKUGCINWA KWEVIRTUALIZATION : Oku kusebenzisa i-virtualization ukwenza ukusebenza okungcono kunye neempawu eziphambili kwiinkqubo zokugcina idatha yekhompyuter. Ugcino olubonakalayo kukudityaniswa okucacileyo kwedatha ukusuka kuhlobo olufanayo okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokugcina kwinto ebonakala ngathi sisixhobo esinye esilawulwa kwikhonsoli esembindini. Inceda abalawuli bokugcina benze i-backup, i-archive kunye nokubuyisela ngokulula kwaye ngokukhawuleza ngokugqithisela ubunzima benethiwekhi yendawo yokugcina (SAN). Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokuphumeza i-virtualization kunye nezicelo zesoftware okanye ukusebenzisa ihardware kunye nezixhobo zesoftware ezixubileyo.

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